Santana Espinosa Anahi Fernanda Module 1 Grammar 614

Verb to be

Full Forms of the verb to be

I	am	a student.
He	is	a teacher.
She	is	a journalist.
It	is	a book.
We	are	mechanics.
You	are	pilots.
They	are	policemen.

Contracted forms of the verb to be

I	am	a student.
He	is	a teacher.
She	is	a journalist.
It	is	a book.
We	are	mechanics.
You	are	pilots.
They	are	policemen.

http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentSimpleToBe1A.html

Examples.

1.       They are friends

2.       I’m happy

3.       He’s very tall

4.       She´s in her house

5.       We are a team

Have got

When we are talking about possession, relationships, illnesses and characteristics of people or things we can use either have or have got. The have got forms are more common in an informal style.

Have got has the same meaning as have and both are used as present tenses. Note that have got is NOT the present perfect of get.

To make questions and negative sentences with have we normally use the auxiliary verb do. To make questions and negative sentences with have got we use the auxiliary verb have. So your question, Magrit, with have got must be formed as follows:

How many subsidiaries has your company got?

Study these further examples and note that in informal speech we often switch from one form to the other:

- How many subsidiaries does your company have?

- It has two.

- How many sisters do you have?

- I’ve got three (sisters).

- Do you all have your own bedrooms?

- Sue’s got her own bedroom, but neither Debbie nor I have. We have to share.

(Note in this last example that have to is used as an alternative to must because the need to share is imposed on the sisters.)

- Have you got a new car, Paul?

- Yes I have. I bought it last week.

- Has it got air conditioning?

- No it hasn’t. But it’s got a CD player.

- Do you have very many CDs?

- I’ve got hundreds.

Note the way in which we form short answers and question tags with have got and have:

- Have you got a sore throat as well as a runny nose?

- No, I haven’t.

- But you’ve got a high temperature, haven’t you?

- Yes, I have.

 - Does this music school have enough pianos?

- No, it doesn’t.

- But you have enough opportunities to practise, don’t you?

- No, we don’t.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv323.shtml

SUBJECT	TO HAVE / HAVE GOT	EXAMPLES
I	have have got 've got	I have (got) the tickets.(yo) Tengo las entradas.
You		You have (got) the tickets.(tú) Tienes las entradas.
He	has has got 's got	He has (got) the tickets.(él) Tiene las entradas.
She		She has (got) the tickets.(ella) Tiene las entradas.
It		It has (got) the tickets.(ello) Tiene las entradas.
We	have have got 've got	We have (got) the tickets.(nosotros/as) Tenemos las entradas.
You		You have (got) the tickets.(vosotros/as) Tenéis las entradas.
They		They have (got) the tickets.(ellos/as) Tienen las entradas.

Examples.

1.       We have got our grades

2.       You have got your answer

3.       She has got three sisters

4.       He has got a new car

5.       I have got piano lessons

Can

We use the modal can to make general statements about what is possible:

It can be very cold in winter. (= It is sometimes very cold in winter)
You can easily lose your way in the dark. (= People often lose their way in the dark)

We use the negative can’t or cannot to show that something is impossible:

That can’t be true.
You cannot be serious.

We use can to talk about someone’s skill or general abilities:

She can speak several languages.
He can swim like a fish.
They can’t dance very well.

We use can to ask for permission to do something:

Can I ask a question, please?
Can we go home now?

We use can to give permission:

You can go home now if you like.
You can borrow my pen if you like.

We use can to say that someone has permission to do something:

We can go out whenever we want.
Students can travel free.

We use can I … to make offers:

Can I help you?
Can I do that for you?

Examples.

1.       I can play basketball

2.       Can you speak french?

3.       He can run very fast

4.       Can she dance salsa?

5.       We can be friends

Present simple

The present tense is the base form of the verb:

I work in London. 


But with the third person singular (he / she / it), we add an –s:

She works in London.

Present simple and present time

We use the present simple to talk about:

·         something that is true in the present:

I’m nineteen years old.

I’m a student.

He lives in London.

·         something that happens regularly in the present:

I play football every weekend.

·         something that is always true:

The human body contains 206 bones.


Light travels at almost 300,000 kilometres per second.

We often use adverbs of frequency like sometimes, always and never with the present simple:

I sometimes go to the cinema.


She never plays football.

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/present-simple-basic

Adverbs of Frequency

What are adverbs of frequency?

Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how frequently something happens are defined as adverbs of frequency.

An adverb of frequency is exactly what it sounds like – an adverb of time. Adverbs of frequency always describe how often something occurs, either in definite or indefinite terms. An adverb that describes definite frequency is one such as weekly, daily, or yearly. An adverb describing indefinite frequency doesn’t specify an exact time frame; examples are sometimes, often, and rarely.

100%						0%
always	usually/normally	often	sometimes	occasionally	hardly ever	never

https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/grammar/beginner-grammar/adverbs-frequency

Present Continuous

The present continuous is made from the present tense of the verb be and the –ingform of a verb:

I am working

You are working

He is working

She is working

It is working

We are working

You are working

They are working

We use the present continuous to talk about:

·         activities at the moment of speaking:

I’m just leaving work. I’ll be home in an hour.

Please be quiet. The children are sleeping.

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/present-continuous-basic